Every day, millions of Sydney households turn on the tap and trust what comes out. And for the most part, that trust is well placed — Sydney Water does a solid job. But even the best municipal water treatment leaves behind things you might not want in your drinking glass, on your skin, or running through your home.
What Is PFAS — and Why Should Sydney Residents Care?
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are a group of synthetic chemicals that have been used since the 1940s in everything from non-stick cookware to firefighting foam. They're often called "forever chemicals" because they don't break down in the environment — or in the human body.
In December 2025, new research made international headlines when a study linked PFAS contamination in drinking water to increased infant mortality rates. And it's not just an overseas problem. PFAS has been detected in multiple water catchments across New South Wales, including sites near Sydney. The Australian government has begun tightening guidelines, but the reality is these chemicals are already in our water supply — and they're not going anywhere without proper filtration.
What PFAS can do:
- Accumulate in the body over time
- Linked to thyroid disease, liver damage, and certain cancers
- Associated with developmental issues in infants and children
- Not removed by standard water treatment or boiling
Chlorine & Chloramine: The Hidden Trade-Off
Sydney Water uses chloramine — a combination of chlorine and ammonia — to disinfect the water supply. It's effective at killing bacteria and keeping water safe as it travels through hundreds of kilometres of pipes. But that protection comes at a cost.
Chloramine gives tap water that distinct "pool water" taste and smell. More importantly, it doesn't just affect what you drink — it affects your entire home:
Skin & Hair
Chlorine strips natural oils from skin and hair, leading to dryness, irritation, and brittle hair — especially for people with eczema or sensitive skin.
Steam Inhalation
Hot showers create chlorinated steam, which you then breathe in. Studies suggest this may be more significant for chlorine exposure than drinking water itself.
Laundry
Chlorinated water can fade colours faster and break down fabric fibres over time, shortening the life of your clothes and linens.
Taste & Cooking
Chloramine affects the taste of coffee, tea, pasta, and anything cooked in water — adding an unpleasant chemical note you might not even realise is there.